Procedure for forming a new legal entity and its registration with the EGRYUL.

Set of three-letter standard trade terms (e.g. EXW, FCA etc.) commonly used in international sale of goods updated by the International Chamber of Commerce (the latest edition is as of 2010). Among other things, it allocates costs between the buyer and seller, and associated risks of damage or accidental loss of goods.

Artistic and construction solution that determines the outer appearance of a product of industrial or handicraft origin by its images. Starting from 1 January 2015 an industrial design is protected for 5 years, extendable 4 times (25 years in total).

Criteria that shall be met in order for insolvency proceedings to be initiated against the debtor (overall indebtedness of at least RUB 300.000 for legal entities, or RUB 500,000 for individuals, and signs of insolvency (bankruptcy) are present).

Key figure in the insolvency proceedings approved by court, whose powers and legal status vary depending on the stage of insolvency proceedings.

International arbitration administered by a specialised institution (e.g. ICAC at the RF CCI.).

Transaction involving an affiliate of a legal entity and generally requiring an approval by  the general shareholder meeting.

An order signed by the employer determining that an employee is hired, transferred to a new job, granted vacation, disciplined or dismissed etc. under the Russian Labour Code.

Form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) of non-governmental character, where parties to a dispute of international nature refer it to arbitrator(s) generally elected by the parties and agree to be bound by an arbitration award. Parties submit disputes to arbitration voluntarily, based on an arbitration agreement. 

Technical solution in any field related to a product or a method/process, which is granted patent protection, provided it is novel, inventive (non-obvious from prior art) and industrially applicable. Generally the maximum duration of patent protection for an invention is 20 years from the application filing date, subject to payment of annuities.

Type of working regime agreed upon in the employment contract under which the employer is permitted to occasionally engage employees to work beyond their regular working hours without their prior written consent, additional remuneration or special justification (cf. overtime work).