Type of a legal entity, distinct and separate from its members, its charter capital is divided into shares that can neither be listed on the stock market, nor be publicly subscribed to.

Document containing a record of an individual’s employment history and related information. 

Tax applicable to legal entities and individuals who have a right of ownership in land or a right of its permanent use. The tax base is the cadastral value of the land. The tax rate is set by local authorities, but shall not exceed 0.3% of the cadastral value (if the land is used for agricultural purposes, occupied by residential properties or utilities, or acquired for private farming) or 1.5% of the cadastral value of all other land.

Сontract under which the lessor provides his property for temporary use, and the lessee has to regularly pay for it.

An agreement between the licensor and the licensee under which the former grants to the latter the right to use intellectual property in Russia, subject to compulsory state registration.

Limited proprietary right in state or municipal-owned land granted to individuals.

Damages established by contract or statute that are payable to the aggrieved party in the event of breach of contract (e.g. late performance). 

Termination of a legal entity’s registration, resulting in loss of its legal capacity.

Final stage of the insolvency proceedings during which a debtor is declared bankrupt and a liquidation manager is appointed, all of the debtor's assets are included in the pool of assets that comprise the insolvency estate, which is used to satisfy creditors’ claims.

Test that shall be met in order to trigger jurisdiction of Russian competition authorities, i.e. if the transaction applies to shares or control over a Russian legal entity; control over a foreign entity that supplied over 1 billion RUB worth of products/services to the Russian market, or assets located in Russia.

Lease agreement concluded for a term exceeding 1 year and subject to compulsory state registration.